Вопрос по https, python, ssl-certificate – Проверка SSL-сертификатов с Python
Мне нужно написать скрипт, который подключается к группе сайтов в нашей корпоративной интрасети по протоколу HTTPS и проверяет, действительны ли их сертификаты SSL; что срок их действия не истек, что они выданы для правильного адреса и т. д. Мы используем наш собственный внутренний корпоративный центр сертификации для этих сайтов, поэтому у нас есть открытый ключ CA для проверки сертификатов.
Python по умолчанию просто принимает и использует SSL-сертификаты при использовании HTTPS, поэтому даже если сертификат недействителен, библиотеки Python, такие как urllib2 и Twisted, просто с радостью будут использовать этот сертификат.
Is there a good library somewhere that will let me connect to a site over HTTPS and verify its certificate in this way?
Как проверить сертификат в Python?
treq
Error: User Rate Limit Exceededtwisted.web.client.Agent
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
Glyph
Error: User Rate Limit Exceededcurl
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded0
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
contextFactory
listenSSL.
import os
import glob
from OpenSSL.SSL import Context, TLSv1_METHOD, VERIFY_PEER, VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, OP_NO_SSLv2
from OpenSSL.crypto import load_certificate, FILETYPE_PEM
from twisted.python.urlpath import URLPath
from twisted.internet.ssl import ContextFactory
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.web.client import getPage
certificateAuthorityMap = {}
for certFileName in glob.glob("/etc/ssl/certs/*.pem"):
# There might be some dead symlinks in there, so let's make sure it's real.
if os.path.exists(certFileName):
data = open(certFileName).read()
x509 = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, data)
digest = x509.digest('sha1')
# Now, de-duplicate in case the same cert has multiple names.
certificateAuthorityMap[digest] = x509
class HTTPSVerifyingContextFactory(ContextFactory):
def __init__(self, hostname):
self.hostname = hostname
isClient = True
def getContext(self):
ctx = Context(TLSv1_METHOD)
store = ctx.get_cert_store()
for value in certificateAuthorityMap.values():
store.add_cert(value)
ctx.set_verify(VERIFY_PEER | VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, self.verifyHostname)
ctx.set_options(OP_NO_SSLv2)
return ctx
def verifyHostname(self, connection, x509, errno, depth, preverifyOK):
if preverifyOK:
if self.hostname != x509.get_subject().commonName:
return False
return preverifyOK
def secureGet(url):
return getPage(url, HTTPSVerifyingContextFactory(URLPath.fromString(url).netloc))
def done(result):
print 'Done!', len(result)
secureGet("https://google.com/").addCallback(done)
reactor.run()
by defaultError: User Rate Limit Exceeded
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This class now performs all the necessary certificate and hostname checks by default. To revert to the previous, unverified, behavior ssl._create_unverified_context() can be passed to the context parameter.
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
Changed in version 3.4.3: This class now performs all the necessary certificate and hostname checks by default. To revert to the previous, unverified, behavior ssl._create_unverified_context() can be passed to the context parameter.
Error: User Rate Limit Exceededsystem-providedError: User Rate Limit ExceededЗапросыError: User Rate Limit ExceededTrust database section of PEP 476.
import httplib
import re
import socket
import sys
import urllib2
import ssl
class InvalidCertificateException(httplib.HTTPException, urllib2.URLError):
def __init__(self, host, cert, reason):
httplib.HTTPException.__init__(self)
self.host = host
self.cert = cert
self.reason = reason
def __str__(self):
return ('Host %s returned an invalid certificate (%s) %s\n' %
(self.host, self.reason, self.cert))
class CertValidatingHTTPSConnection(httplib.HTTPConnection):
default_port = httplib.HTTPS_PORT
def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
ca_certs=None, strict=None, **kwargs):
httplib.HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict, **kwargs)
self.key_file = key_file
self.cert_file = cert_file
self.ca_certs = ca_certs
if self.ca_certs:
self.cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
else:
self.cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_NONE
def _GetValidHostsForCert(self, cert):
if 'subjectAltName' in cert:
return [x[1] for x in cert['subjectAltName']
if x[0].lower() == 'dns']
else:
return [x[0][1] for x in cert['subject']
if x[0][0].lower() == 'commonname']
def _ValidateCertificateHostname(self, cert, hostname):
hosts = self._GetValidHostsForCert(cert)
for host in hosts:
host_re = host.replace('.', '\.').replace('*', '[^.]*')
if re.search('^%s$' % (host_re,), hostname, re.I):
return True
return False
def connect(self):
sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port))
self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, keyfile=self.key_file,
certfile=self.cert_file,
cert_reqs=self.cert_reqs,
ca_certs=self.ca_certs)
if self.cert_reqs & ssl.CERT_REQUIRED:
cert = self.sock.getpeercert()
hostname = self.host.split(':', 0)[0]
if not self._ValidateCertificateHostname(cert, hostname):
raise InvalidCertificateException(hostname, cert,
'hostname mismatch')
class VerifiedHTTPSHandler(urllib2.HTTPSHandler):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler.__init__(self)
self._connection_args = kwargs
def https_open(self, req):
def http_class_wrapper(host, **kwargs):
full_kwargs = dict(self._connection_args)
full_kwargs.update(kwargs)
return CertValidatingHTTPSConnection(host, **full_kwargs)
try:
return self.do_open(http_class_wrapper, req)
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if type(e.reason) == ssl.SSLError and e.reason.args[0] == 1:
raise InvalidCertificateException(req.host, '',
e.reason.args[1])
raise
https_request = urllib2.HTTPSHandler.do_request_
if __name__ == "__main__":
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
print "usage: python %s CA_CERT URL" % sys.argv[0]
exit(2)
handler = VerifiedHTTPSHandler(ca_certs = sys.argv[1])
opener = urllib2.build_opener(handler)
print opener.open(sys.argv[2]).read()
backports.ssl_match_hostname
.
match_hostname()
ssl
pip install backports.ssl_match_hostname
setup.py
from backports.ssl_match_hostname import match_hostname, CertificateError
...
sslsock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3,
cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED, ca_certs=...)
try:
match_hostname(sslsock.getpeercert(), hostname)
except CertificateError, ce:
...
Error: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit Exceeded если хочешь. Настольный клиент ChandlerError: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit Exceeded
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Error: User Rate Limit ExceededError: User Rate Limit Exceeded
Error: User Rate Limit Exceededpycurl.error
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
import pycurl
curl = pycurl.Curl()
curl.setopt(pycurl.CAINFO, "myFineCA.crt")
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 1)
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2)
curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, "https://internal.stuff/")
curl.perform()
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
(60, 'Peer certificate cannot be authenticated with known CA certificates')
(51, "common name 'CN=something.else.stuff,O=Example Corp,C=SE' does not match 'internal.stuff'")
Error: User Rate Limit Exceeded
http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_getinfo.html